INFORMATION FOR OUTPATIENT CLIENTS
Welcome to my practice. I appreciate your giving me the opportunity to be of help to you.
This brochure answers questions that clients often ask about therapy. I believe our work will be most helpful to you when you have a clear idea of what we are trying to do.
This brochure talks about the following:
What the risks and benefits of therapy are
What the goals of therapy are and what my methods of treatment are like
How long therapy might take
How much my services cost and how I handle money matters
Other important areas of our relationship
After you read this brochure, we can talk in person about how these issues apply to you. Please read all of it. If preferred, print it and mark any parts that are not clear to you. Write down any questions you have, and we will discuss them at our next meeting.
About Psychotherapy
I strongly believe you should feel comfortable with the therapist you choose and hopeful about the therapy. When you are comfortable, therapy is more likely to be very helpful to you. Let me describe how I see therapy.
My theoretical approach is based on cognitive and behavioral therapies. The basis for CBT is grounded in the work of such psychologists as Aaron Beck, Albert Ellis, BF Skinner, and others.
The most central ideas in my work are that it is your interpretation of events, thoughts, and behaviors that determine how well you "feel" and how well you are able to cope with life's challenges.
{C}The goals of treatment, therefore, are to change the way you interpret, think about events, or act in order to change the way you "feel" or to improve the quality of your life.
The type of therapy I do is called CBT (which may include: relaxation training, communication skills training, assertiveness training, reframing, or other CBT techniques). I believe in choosing treatments that have been supported in the research whenever possible. If we use a technique that does not fall In that category, I will discuss It with you in advance along with all of the potential risks and benefits so that you are fully informed.
I sometimes take notes during our meetings. You are welcome to take notes as well if that is helpful to you or to bring in notes that you have made outside of our sessions so that we can discuss those thoughts or concerns.
By the end of our first or second session, I will tell you how I see your case at this point and how I think we should proceed. I view therapy as a partnership between us. You define the problem areas to be worked on; I use some special knowledge to help you make the changes you want to make. Psychotherapy is not like visiting a medical doctor. It requires your very active involvement. It requires your best efforts to change thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. For example, I want you to tell me about important experiences, what they mean to you, and what strong feelings are involved. This is one of the ways you are an active partner in therapy.
I expect us to plan our work together. In our treatment plan we will list the areas to work on, our goals, the methods we will use, the time and money commitments we will make, and some other things. I expect us to agree on a plan that we will both work hard to follow. From time to time, we will look together at our progress and goals. If we think we need to, we can then change our treatment plan, its goals, or its methods.
An important part of your therapy will be practicing new skills that you will learn in our sessions. I will ask you to practice outside our meetings, and we will work together to set up homework assignments for you. I might ask you to do exercises, keep records, and read to deepen your learning. You will probably have to work on relationships in your life and make long-term efforts to get the best results. These are important parts of personal change. Change will sometimes be easy and quick, but more often it will be slow and frustrating, and you will need to keep trying. There are no instant, painless cures and no “magic pills.” However, you can learn new ways of looking at your problems that will be very helpful for changing your feelings and reactions.
Most of my clients see me once a week for 3 to 4 months. After that, we meet less often for several more months. Therapy then usually comes to an end. The process of ending therapy, called “termination,” can be a very valuable part of our work. Stopping therapy should not be done casually, although either of us may decide to end it if we believe it is in your best interest. If you wish to stop therapy at any time, I ask that you agree now to meet for at least one more session to review our work together. We will review our goals, the work we have done, any future work that needs to be done, and our choices. If you would like to take a “time out” from therapy to try it on your own, we should discuss this. We can often make such a “time out” be more helpful.
I will send you a brief set of questions about 6 months after our last session. These questions will ask you to look back at our work together, and sending them to you is part of my duty as a therapist. I ask that you agree, as part of entering therapy with me, to return this follow-up form and to be very honest about what you tell me then.
The Benefits and Risks of Therapy
As with any powerful treatment, there are some risks as well as many benefits with therapy. You should think about both the benefits and risks when making any treatment decisions. For example, in therapy, there is a risk that clients will, for a time, have uncomfortable levels of sadness, guilt, anxiety, anger, frustration, loneliness, helplessness, or other negative feelings. Clients may recall unpleasant memories. These feelings or memories may bother a client at work or in school. In addition, some people in the community may mistakenly view anyone in therapy as weak, or perhaps as seriously disturbed or even dangerous. Also, clients in therapy may have problems with people important to them. Family secrets may be told. Therapy may disrupt a marital relationship and sometimes may even lead to a divorce. Sometimes, too, a client’s problems may temporarily worsen after the beginning of treatment. Most of these risks are to be expected when people are making important changes in their lives. Finally, even with our best efforts, there is a risk that therapy may not work out well for you.
While you consider these risks, you should know also that the benefits of therapy have been shown by scientists in hundreds of well-designed research studies. People who are depressed may find their mood lifting. Others may no longer feel afraid, angry, or anxious. In therapy, people have a chance to talk things out fully until their feelings are relieved or the problems are solved. Clients’ relationships and coping skills may improve greatly. They may get more satisfaction out of social and family relationships. Their personal goals and values may become clearer. They may grow in many directions—as persons, in their close relationships, in their work or schooling, and in the ability to enjoy their lives. I do not take on clients I do not think I can help. Therefore, I will enter our relationship with optimism about our progress.
Consultations
If you could benefit from a treatment I cannot provide, I will help you to get it. You have a right to ask me about such other treatments, their risks, and their benefits. Based on what I learn about your problems, I may recommend a medical exam or use of medication. If I do this, I will fully discuss my reasons with you, so that you can decide what is best. If you are treated by another professional, I will coordinate my services with them and with your own medical doctor.
If for some reason treatment is not going well, I might suggest you see another therapist or another professional for an evaluation. As a responsible person and ethical therapist, I cannot continue to treat you if my treatment is not working for you. If you wish for another professional’s opinion at any time, or wish to talk with another therapist, I will help you find a qualified person and will provide him or her with the information needed.
What to Expect from Our Relationship
As a professional, I will use my best knowledge and skills to help you. This includes following the standards of the American Psychological Association, or APA. In your best interests, the APA puts limits on the relationship between a therapist and a client, and I will abide by these. Let me explain these limits, so you will not think they are personal responses to you.
First, I am licensed and trained to practice psychology—not law, medicine, finance, or any other profession. I am not able to give you good advice from these other professional viewpoints.
Second, state laws and the rules of the APA require me to keep what you tell me confidential (that is, just between us). You can trust me not to tell anyone else what you tell me, except in certain limited situations. I explain what those are in the “About Confidentiality” section of this brochure. Here I want to explain that I try not to reveal who my clients are.
This is part of my effort to maintain your privacy. If we meet on the street or socially, I may not say hello or talk to you very much. My behavior will not be a personal reaction to you, but a way to maintain the confidentiality of our relationship.
Third, in your best interest, and following the APA’s standards, I can only be your therapist. I cannot have any other role in your life. I cannot, now or ever, be a close friend to or socialize with any of my clients. I cannot be a therapist to someone who is already a friend. I can never have a sexual or romantic relationship with any client during, or after, the course of therapy. I cannot have a business relationship with any of my clients, other than the therapy relationship.
If you ever become involved in a divorce or custody dispute, I want you to understand and agree that I will not provide evaluations or expert testimony in court. You should hire a different mental health professional for any evaluations or testimony you require. This position is based on two reasons: (1) My statements will be seen as biased in your favor because we have a therapy relationship; and (2) the testimony might affect our therapy relationship, and I must put this relationship first.
Even though you might invite me, I will not attend your family gatherings, such as parties or weddings.
As your therapist, I will not celebrate holidays or give you gifts; I may not notice or recall your birthday; and may not receive any of your gifts eagerly.
About Confidentiality
I will treat with great care all the information you share with me. It is your legal right that our sessions and my records about you be kept private. That is why I ask you to sign a “release-of-records” form before I can talk about you or send my records about you to anyone else. In general, I will tell no one what you tell me. I will not even reveal that you are receiving treatment from me. In all but a few rare situations, your confidentiality (that is, our privacy) is protected by federal and state laws and by the rules of my profession. Here are the most common cases in which confidentiality is not protected:
1. If you were sent to me by a court or an employer for evaluation or treatment, the court or employer expects a report from me. If this is your situation, please talk with me before you tell me anything you do not want the court or your employer to know. You have a right to tell me only what you are comfortable with telling.
2. Are you suing someone or being sued? Are you being charged with a crime? If so, and you tell the court that you are seeing me, I may then be ordered to show the court my records. Please consult your lawyer about these issues.
3. If you make a serious threat to harm yourself or another person, the law requires me to try to protect you or that other person. This usually means telling others about the threat. I cannot promise never to tell others about threats you make.
4. If I suspect a child (or elderly individual) has been or will be abused or neglected, I am legally required to report this to the authorities.
There are two situations in which I might talk about part of your case with another therapist. I ask now for your understanding and agreement to let me do so in these two situations.
First, when I am away from the office for a few days, I will have a trusted fellow therapist “cover” for me. This therapist will be available to you in emergencies. Therefore, he or she needs to know about you. Of course, this therapist is bound by the same laws and rules as I am to protect your confidentiality.
Second, I sometimes consult other therapists or other professionals about my clients. This helps me in giving high-quality treatment. These persons are also required to keep your information private. Your name will never be given to them, some information will be changed or omitted, and they will be told only as much as they need to know to understand your situation.
It may be beneficial for me to confer with your primary care physician with regard to your psychological treatment or to discuss any medical problems for which you are receiving treatment. In addition, Medicare requires that I notify your physician by telephone or in writing, concerning services that are being provided by me unless you request that notification not be made.
Except for situations like those I have described above, I will always maintain your privacy. I also ask you not to disclose the name or identity of any other client being seen in this office. I make every effort to keep the names and records of clients private. All staff members (for example, billing professionals) who see your records have been trained in how to keep records confidential.
If your records need to be seen by another professional, or anyone else, I will discuss it with you. If you agree to share these records, you will need to sign an authorization form. This form states exactly what information is to be shared, with whom, and why, and it also sets time limits. You may read this form at any time. If you have questions, please ask me.
It is my office policy to destroy clients’ records 15 years after the end of our therapy. Until then, I will keep your case records in a safe place.
If I must discontinue our relationship because of illness, disability, or other presently unforeseen circumstances, I ask you to agree to my transferring your records to another therapist who will assure their confidentiality, preservation, and appropriate access.
As part of cost control efforts, an insurance company will sometimes ask for more information on symptoms, diagnoses, and my treatment methods. It will become part of your permanent medical record. I will let you know if this should occur and what the company has asked for. Please understand that I have no control over how these records are handled at the insurance company. My policy is to provide only as much information as the insurance company will need to pay your benefits.
You can review your own records in my files at any time. You may add to them or correct them, and you can have copies of them. I ask you to understand and agree that you may not examine records created by anyone else and then sent to me.
In some very rare situations, I may temporarily remove parts of your records before you see them. This would happen if I believe that the information will be harmful to you, but I will discuss this with you.
You have the right to ask that your information not be shared with family members or others, and I can agree to that limitation. You can also tell me if you want me to send mail or phone you at a more private address or number than, say, your home or workplace. If this is of concern to you, please tell me so that we can make arrangements.
My Background
I am a fully licensed psychologist. I received my doctoral degree at the University of Arkansas and completed APA-approved internship and fellowship training at Tulane Medical School. I have also completed an additional year of training in geriatric psychology. Though I have been trained to work with clients across the lifespan, I am currently limiting my practice to adolescents, adults and couples. I am also a member of the American Psychological Association (APA) and the Missouri Psychological Association (MOPA). I am recognized by the National Register of Health Service Providers.
About Our Appointments
The very first time I meet with you, we will need to give each other much basic information. For this reason, I usually schedule 1–2 hours for this first meeting. Following this, we will usually meet for a 45-minute session once or twice a week, then less often. We can schedule meetings for both your and my convenience. I will tell you in advance of my vacations or any other times we cannot meet. Please ask about my schedule in making your own plans.
An appointment is a commitment to our work. We agree to meet here and to be on time. If I am ever unable to start on time, I ask your understanding. I also assure you that you will receive the full time agreed to. If you are late, we will probably be unable to meet for the full time, because it is likely that I will have another appointment after yours. A cancelled appointment delays our work. I will consider our meetings very important and ask you to do the same. Please try not to miss sessions if you can possibly help it. When you must cancel, please give me at least a week’s notice. Your session time is reserved for you. I am rarely able to fill a cancelled session unless I know a week in advance. If you start to cancel sessions, I will have to charge you for the lost time unless I am able to fill it. Your insurance will not cover this charge.
You will be charged the full fee ($125) for sessions for which you did not show up AND did not bother to call to let me know, for other than the most serious reasons. Again, this fee is not covered by any insurance plan.
If the appointment is not kept or is cancelled with less than 24 hours’ advance notice, you can expect me to charge you $25 for it.
I request that you do not bring children with you if they are young and need babysitting or supervision, which I cannot provide. I do not have toys and I do not have office staff to ensure that your child stays within the waiting area.
You will be charged for any damage to, or theft of, property in this office by you or anyone for whom you are legally responsible.
I cannot be responsible for any personal property or valuables you bring into this office.
Fees, Payments, and Billing
Payment for services is an important part of any professional relationship. This is even more true in therapy; one treatment goal is to make relationships and the duties and obligations they involve clear.
You are responsible for seeing that my services are paid for. Meeting this responsibility shows your commitment and maturity.
My current regular fees are as follows. You will be given advance notice if my fees should change.
Regular therapy services--$125 per 45-min hour. Please pay for each session at its end. I have found that this arrangement helps us stay focused on our goals, and so it works best. I suggest you make out your check before each session begins, so that our time will be used best. Other payment or fee arrangements must be worked out before the end of our first meeting. If you have health insurance, we can determine what coverage you may have and how much you can expect to pay prior to your next appointment, if this was not done prior to your initial appointment.
Telephone consultations: I believe that telephone consultations may be suitable or even needed at times in our therapy. If so, I will charge you our regular fee, prorated over the time needed. If I need to have long telephone conferences with other professionals as part of your treatment, you will be billed for these at the same rate as for regular therapy services. If you are concerned about all this, please be sure to discuss it with me in advance so we can set a policy that is comfortable for both of us. Of course, there is no charge for calls about appointments or similar business. Please note that telephone sessions are not currently covered by most health insurance plans.
Extended sessions: Occasionally it may be better to go on with a session, rather than stop or postpone work on a particular issue. An extended session is considered 52-60 minutes and is charged at $140.
Psychological testing services: $125 per hour. Psychological testing fees include the time spent with you, the time needed for scoring and studying the test results, and the time needed to write a report on the findings. The amount of time involved depends on the tests used and the questions the testing is intended to answer.
Reports: I will not charge you for my time spent making routine reports to your insurance company. However, I will have to bill you for any extra-long or complex reports the company might require. The company will not cover this fee.
Other services:
I realize that my fees involve a substantial amount of money, although they are well in line with similar professionals’ charges. For you to get the best value for your money, we must work hard and well.
I will assume that our agreed-upon fee-paying relationship will continue as long as I provide services to you. I will assume this until you tell me in person, by telephone, or by certified mail that you wish to end it. You have a responsibility to pay for any services you receive before you end the relationship.
Because I expect all payment at the time of our meetings, I usually do not send bills. However, if we have agreed that I will bill you or if your insurance does not cover the services, I ask that the bill be paid within 5 days of when you get it or we discuss an alternative payment plan. At the end of treatment, and when you have paid for all sessions, I will send you a final statement for your tax records if requested. Depending on your financial circumstances and total medical costs for any year, psychotherapy may be a deductible expense; consult your tax adviser. Cost of transportation to and from appointments and fees paid may be deductible from the client’s personal income taxes as medical expenses.
If you think you may have trouble paying your bills on time, please discuss this with me. I will also raise the matter with you so we can arrive at a solution. If your unpaid balance reaches $300, I will notify you by mail. If it then remains unpaid, I must stop therapy with you. Fees that continue unpaid after this may be turned over to small-claims court or a collection service.
Patients who owe money and fail to make arrangements to pay may be referred to a collection agency.
If there is any problem with my charges, my billing, your insurance, or any other money-related point, please bring it to my attention. I will do the same with you. Such problems can interfere greatly with our work. They must be worked out openly and quickly.
If You Have Traditional (or “Indemnity”) Health Insurance Coverage
Because I am a licensed psychologist, many health insurance plans will help you pay for therapy and other services I offer. Because health insurance is written by many different companies, I cannot tell you what your plan covers. Please read your plan’s booklet under coverage for “Outpatient Psychotherapy” or under “Treatment of Mental and Nervous Conditions.” Or call your employer’s benefits office to find out what you need to know.
If your health insurance will pay part of my fee, I will attempt to submit the claims for you. However, please keep two things in mind:
1. {C}I had no role in deciding what your insurance covers. Your employer decided which, if any, services will be covered and how much you have to pay. You are responsible for checking your insurance coverage, deductibles, payment rates, copayments, and so forth. Your insurance contract is between you and your company; it is not between me and the insurance company.
2. {C}You—not your insurance company or any other person or company—are responsible for paying the fees we agree upon. If you ask me to bill a separated spouse, a relative, or an insurance company, and I do not receive payment on time, I will then expect this payment from you.
If You Have a Managed Care Contract
If you belong to a health maintenance organization (HMO) or preferred provider organization (PPO), or have another kind of health insurance with managed care, decisions about what kind of care you need and how much of it you can receive will be reviewed by the plan. The plan has rules, limits, and procedures that we should discuss. Please bring your health insurance plan’s description of services to one of our early meetings, so that we can talk about it and decide what to do.
I will provide information about you to your insurance company only with your informed and written consent. I may send this information by mail or by fax. My office will try its best to maintain the privacy of your records, but I ask you not to hold me responsible for accidents or for anything that happens as a result.
If You Need to Contact Me
I cannot promise that I will be available at all times. I usually do not take phone calls when I am with a client. You can always leave a message on my cell phone, and I will return your call as soon as I can. Generally, I will return messages daily except on Sundays and holidays.
If you have an emergency or crisis and cannot reach me immediately by telephone, you or your family members should call one of the following community emergency agencies or proceed directly to the nearest Emergency Room if you have safety concerns:
Clark Center (Barry, Lawrence & Dade Co) 800-801-4405
911
Family Violence & Victim Centers' Hotline 864-SAFE (7233)
Mental Health Crisis Assist Team, Adult (Christian, Dallas, Greene, Polk, Stone, Taney, & Webster Co) 862-6555 or 800-494-7355
Missouri Poison Control 800-366-8888
Ozark Center Crisis Line (Barton, Jasper, Newton & McDonald Cos.) 800-247-0661
Pathways CBH, Inc. (Bates, Vernon, Henry, St. Clair, Benton, Cedar, Hickory Cos) 800-833-3915
Suicide Hotline 800-273-8255
Suicide/ Abuse Crisis Line 800-999-9999
NAMI, SW MO Hope Center Warm Line 877-535-4357
Mercy St. John's Behavioral Health Evaluation Center 820-7447
If I Need to Contact Someone about You
If there is an emergency during our work together, or I become concerned about your personal safety, I am required by law and by the rules of my profession to contact someone close to you—perhaps a relative, spouse, or close friend. I am also required to contact this person, or the authorities, if I become concerned about your harming someone else.
Other Points
As a professional therapist, I naturally want to know more about how therapy helps people. To understand therapy better, I must collect information about clients before, during, and after therapy. Therefore, I am asking you to help me by filling out some questionnaires about different parts of your life-relationships, changes, concerns, attitudes, and other areas. I ask your permission to take what you write on these questionnaires and what I have in my records and use it in research or teaching that I may do in the future. If I ever use the information from your questionnaire, it will always be included with information from many others. Also, your identity will be made completely anonymous. Your name will never be mentioned, and all personal information will be disguised and changed. After the research, teaching, or publishing project is completed all the data used will be destroyed.
If, as part of our therapy, you create and provide to me records, notes, artworks, or any other documents or materials, I will return the originals to you at your written request but will retain copies.
Statement of Principles and Complaint Procedures
It is my intention to fully abide by all the rules of the American Psychological Association (APA) and by those of my state license.
Problems can arise in our relationship, just as in any other relationship. If you are not satisfied with any area of our work, please raise your concerns with me at once. Our work together will be slower and harder if your concerns with me are not worked out. I will make every effort to hear any complaints you have and to seek solutions to them. If you feel that I (or any other therapist) have treated you unfairly or have even broken a professional rule, please tell me. You can also contact the state or local psychological association and speak to the chairperson of the ethics committee. He or she can help clarify your concerns or tell you how to file a complaint. You may also contact the state board of psychologist examiners, the organization that licenses those of us in the independent practice of psychology.
In my practice as a therapist, I do not discriminate against clients because of any of these factors: age, sex, marital/family status, race, color, religious beliefs, ethnic origin, place of residence, veteran status, physical disability, health status, sexual orientation, or criminal record unrelated to present dangerousness. This is a personal commitment, as well as being required by federal, state, and local laws and regulations. I will always take steps to advance and support the values of equal opportunity, human dignity, and racial/ethnic/ cultural diversity. If you believe you have been discriminated against, please bring this matter to my attention immediately.